Is “less calories and more exercise” enough to prevent hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia in individuals undergoing health checkups? A 5-year retrospective cohort study
Medical professionals generally use “less calories and more exercise” as advice to patients with lifestyle-related diseases. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine suitable lifestyle modification strategies to prevent hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia in individuals who participated in a medical health check. Health check data of 24, 244 individuals who underwent a specific health check at a health service organization in Fukuyama, Japan from 2011 to 2015 were compared and the association between current lifestyle and onset of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia in the next 5 years was assessed via Cox proportional hazard model. Current daily alcohol consumption was associated with the onset of hypertension in the next 5 years. Onset of diabetes was related to current smoking. In addition, “eating quickly” was related to diabetes onset in the next 5 years. Given that these lifestyle habits were associated with the onset of the diseases after adjustment with BMI, more appropriate recommendations for lifestyle modification should be considered at health guidance.
