A Case of Sinus Pericranii Following Head Injury in a Child
Sinus pericranii is a rare venous anomaly of the scalp, characterized by abnormal communication with the intracranial dural sinuses. This pathology typically presents as a soft vascular mass beneath the scalp and can result from congenital or acquired aberrant connections between the intra- and extracranial venous systems. We report a pediatric case of sinus pericranii following head trauma. A 2-year-old boy presented with persistent subcutaneous mass in the right temporal region following head trauma at 1 year old. After imaging evaluation, surgical excision was performed due to a lack of spontaneous regression and potential risk of hemorrhage. During surgery, indocyanine green fluorescence showed minimal blood flow, and the mass was found to communicate with small veins through foramina in the calvarium. The lesion was excised without needing craniotomy and postoperative recovery was uneventful. This case highlights the importance of considering sinus pericranii among the differential diagnosis of scalp masses in children, particularly after head trauma. Sinus pericranii following head trauma without congenital vascular malformations typically involves an extremely low risk of requiring craniotomy, as seen in this case.
